Unmanaged Urban Growth in Dar es Salaam: The Spatiotemporal Pattern and Influencing Factors

Uncontrolled urban expansion with rapid population growth causes great pressure on the environment. The index of impervious surface area (ISA) has recently been used for dynamic monitoring expansion. This paper takes Dar es Salaam, largest city in Tanzania, as an example, combined multi-source data to obtain component annual scale, based which spatial–temporal characteristics city’s are concluded: first, showed evidently phased pattern, a steady rate 2.9% during 2000–2005, and low 1.4% 2006–2010, then relatively high 3.3% period 2011–2019. Secondly, hotspots emerged areas along main roads extending from center south north, but coastal infilling development became evident after 2015, significantly increasing poor traffic. Third, land expansion, lags behind growth, eased, ratio is declining, 2.9 2002–2012 2.0 2012–2019. Finally, influence population, economy, traffic nature evolution surfaces analyzed. puts forward corresponding strategic suggestions land-use policies analyzes trend spatiotemporal patterns future.